- Research Article
- Open access
- Published:
Assad-Kirk-Type Fixed Point Theorems for a Pair of Nonself Mappings on Cone Metric Spaces
Fixed Point Theory and Applications volume 2009, Article number: 761086 (2009)
Abstract
New fixed point results for a pair of non-self mappings defined on a closed subset of a metrically convex cone metric space (which is not necessarily normal) are obtained. By adapting Assad-Kirk's method the existence of a unique common fixed point for a pair of non-self mappings is proved, using only the assumption that the cone interior is nonempty. Examples show that the obtained results are proper extensions of the existing ones.
1. Introduction and Preliminaries
Cone metric spaces were introduced by Huang and Zhang in [1], where they investigated the convergence in cone metric spaces, introduced the notion of their completeness, and proved some fixed point theorems for contractive mappings on these spaces. Recently, in [2–4], some common fixed point theorems have been proved for maps on cone metric spaces. However, in [1–3], the authors usually obtain their results for normal cones. In this paper we do not impose the normality condition for the cones.
We need the following definitions and results, consistent with [1], in the sequel.
Let be a real Banach space. A subset
of
is a cone if
(i) is closed, nonempty and
(ii), and
imply
(iii).
Given a cone , we define the partial ordering
with respect to
by
if and only if
. We write
to indicate that
but
, while
stands for
(the interior of
).
There exist two kinds of cones: normal and nonnormal cones. A cone is a normal cone if
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ1_HTML.gif)
or, equivalently, if there is a number such that for all
,
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ2_HTML.gif)
The least positive number satisfying (1.2) is called the normal constant of . It is clear that
.
It follows from (1.1) that is nonnormal if and only if there exist sequences
such that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ3_HTML.gif)
So, in this case, the Sandwich theorem does not hold.
Example 1.1 (see [5]).
Let with
and
. This cone is not normal. Consider, for example,
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ4_HTML.gif)
Then and
.
Definition 1.2 (see [1]).
Let be a nonempty set. Suppose that the mapping
satisfies
(d1) for all
and
if and only if
;
(d2) for all
;
(d3) for all
.
Then is called a cone metric on
and
is called a cone metric space.
The concept of a cone metric space is more general than that of a metric space, because each metric space is a cone metric space with and
(see [1, Example??1] and [4, Examples??1.2 and??2.2]).
Let be a sequence in
, and let
. If, for every
in
with
, there is an
such that for all
,
, then it is said that
converges to
, and this is denoted by
, or
,
. If for every
in
with
, there is an
such that for all
,
, then
is called a Cauchy sequence in
. If every Cauchy sequence is convergent in
, then
is called a complete cone metric space.
Huang and Zhang [1] proved that if is a normal cone then
converges to
if and only if
,
, and that
is a Cauchy sequence if and only if
,
.
Let be a cone metric space. Then the following properties are often useful (particulary when dealing with cone metric spaces in which the cone needs not to be normal):
() if and
, then
() if for each
then
() if for each
then
() if , and
, then
() if for each
and
,
, then
() if and
, then
where
and
are, respectively, a sequence and a given point in
() if is a real Banach space with a cone
and if
where
and
, then
() if ,
and
, then there exists
such that for all
we have
.
It follows from () that the sequence
converges to
if
as
and
is a Cauchy sequence if
as
. In the case when the cone is not necessarily normal, we have only one half of the statements of Lemmas??1 and??4 from [1]. Also, in this case, the fact that
if
and
is not applicable.
There exist a lot of fixed-point theorems for self-mappings defined on closed subsets of Banach spaces. However, for applications (numerical analysis, optimization, etc.) it is important to consider functions that are not self-mappings, and it is natural to search for sufficient conditions which would guarantee the existence of fixed points for such mappings.
In what follows we suppose only that is a Banach space, that
is a cone in
with
and that
is the partial ordering with respect to
.
Rhoades [6] proved the following result, generalizing theorems of Assad [7] and Assad and Kirk [8].
Theorem 1.3.
Let be a Banach space,
a nonempty closed subset of
and let
be a mapping from
into
satisfying the condition
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ5_HTML.gif)
for some ,
, and for all
in
. Let
have the additional property that for each
,
the boundary of
,
. Then
has the unique fixed point.
Recently Imdad and Kumar [9] extended this result of Rhoades by considering a pair of maps in the following way.
Theorem 1.4.
Let be a Banach space, let
be a nonempty closed subset of
and let
be two mappings satisfying the condition
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ6_HTML.gif)
for some ,
, and for all
and suppose
(i),
,
(ii),
(iii) is closed in
.
Then there exists a coincidence point of
in
. Moreover, if
and
are coincidentally commuting, then
is the unique common fixed point of
and
.
Recall that a pair of mappings is coincidentally commuting (see, e.g., [2]) if they commute at their coincidence point, that is, if
for some
, implies
.
In [10, 11] these results were extended using complete metric spaces of hyperbolic type, instead of Banach spaces.
2. Results
2.1. Main Result
In [12], assuming only that , Theorems 1.3 and 1.4 are extended to the setting of cone metric spaces. Thus, proper generalizations of the results of Rhoades [6] (for one map) and of Imdad and Kumar [9] (for two maps) were obtained. Example 1.1 of a nonnormal cone shows that the method of proof used in [6, 8, 9] cannot be fully applied in the new setting.
The purpose of this paper is to extend the previous results to the cone metric spaces, but with new contractive conditions. This is worthwhile, since from [2, 13] we know that self-mappings that satisfy the new conditions (given below) do have a unique common fixed point. Let us note that the questions concerning common fixed points for self-mappings in metric spaces, under similar conditions, were considered in [14]. It seems that these questions were not considered for nonself mappings. This is an additional motivation for studying these problems.
We begin with the following definition.
Definition 2.1.
Let be a cone metric space, let
be a nonempty closed subset of
, and let
. Denote, for
,
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ7_HTML.gif)
Then is called a generalized
-contractive mapping of
into
if for some
there exists
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ8_HTML.gif)
such that for all in
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ9_HTML.gif)
Our main result is the following.
Theorem 2.2.
Let be a complete cone metric space, let
be a nonempty closed subset of
such that, for each
and each
there exists a point
such that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ10_HTML.gif)
Suppose that is a generalized
-contractive mapping of
into
and
(i),
,
(ii),
(iii) is closed in
.
Then there exists a coincidence point of
in
. Moreover, if the pair
is coincidentally commuting, then
is the unique common fixed point of
and
.
Proof.
We prove the theorem under the hypothesis that neither of the mappings and
is necessarily a self-mapping. We proceed in several steps.
Step 1 (construction of three sequences).
The following construction is the same as the construction used in [10] in the case of hyperbolic metric spaces. It differs slightly from the constructions in [6, 9].
Let be arbitrary. We construct three sequences:
and
in
and
in
in the following way. Set
. Since
, by (i) there exists a point
such that
. Since
, from (ii) we conclude that
. Then from (i),
. Thus, there exists
such that
. Set
and
.
If , then from (i),
and so there is a point
such that
.
If , then
is a point in
,
such that
. By (i), there is
such that
. Thus
and
.
Now we set . Since
, from (ii) there is a point
such that
.
Note that in the case , we have
and
.
Continuing the foregoing procedure we construct three sequences: ,
and
such that:
(a);
(b);
(c) if and only if
;
(d) whenever
and then
and
.
Step 2 ( is a Cauchy sequence).
First, note that if , then
, which then implies, by (b), (ii), and (a), that
Also,
implies that
since otherwise
, which then implies
.
Proof of Step 2
Now we have to estimate . If
for some
, then it is easy to show that
for all
Suppose that for all
. There are three possibilities:
(1) and
;
(2), but
; and
(3) in which case
and
.
Note that the estimate of in this cone version differs from those from [6, 8–11]. In the case of convex metric spaces it can be used that, for each
and each
, it is
. In cone spaces the maximum of the set
needs not to exist. Therefore, besides (2.4), we have to use here the relation "
'', and to consider several cases. In cone metric spaces as well as in metric spaces the key step is Assad-Kirk's induction.
Case 1.
Let and let
. Then
,
and
(observe that it is not necessarily
). Then from (2.3),
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ11_HTML.gif)
where
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ12_HTML.gif)
Clearly, there are infinitely many 's such that at least one of the following cases holds:
(I)
(II) contradicting the assumption that
for each
. Hence, (I) holds,
(III), that is, (I) holds.
From (I), (II), and (III) it follows that in Case 1
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ13_HTML.gif)
Case 2.
Let but
. Then
and
. It follows that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ14_HTML.gif)
that is, according to (2.3), , where
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ15_HTML.gif)
Again, we obtain the following three cases
(I).
(II), contradicting the assumption that
for each
. It follows that (I) holds.
(III), that is
.
From (2.8), (I), (II), and (III), we have
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ16_HTML.gif)
in Case 2.
Case 3.
Let Then
and we have
and
. From this and using (2.4) we get
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ17_HTML.gif)
We have to estimate and
. Since
, one can conclude that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ18_HTML.gif)
in view of Case 2. Further,
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ19_HTML.gif)
where
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ20_HTML.gif)
Since
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ21_HTML.gif)
,
, and
, we have that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ22_HTML.gif)
where
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ23_HTML.gif)
Substituting (2.12) and (2.16) into (2.11) we get
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ24_HTML.gif)
We have now the following four cases:
-
(I)
(2.19)
-
(II)
(2.20)
-
(III)
(2.21)
-
(IV)
(2.22)
It follows from (I), (II), (III), and (IV) that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ29_HTML.gif)
Thus, in all Cases 1–3,
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ30_HTML.gif)
where and
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ31_HTML.gif)
It is not hard to conclude that for ,
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ32_HTML.gif)
Now, following the procedure of Assad and Kirk [8], it can be shown by induction that, for ,
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ33_HTML.gif)
where .
From (2.27) and using the triangle inequality, we have for
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ34_HTML.gif)
According to the property () from the Introduction,
that is,
is a Cauchy sequence.
Step 3 (Common fixed point for and
).
In this step we use only the definition of convergence in the terms of the relation "''. The only assumption is that the interior of the cone
is nonempty; so we use neither continuity of vector metric
, nor the Sandwich theorem.
Since and
is complete, there is some point
such that
. Let
be such that
. By the construction of
, there is a subsequence
such that
and hence
.
We now prove that . We have
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ35_HTML.gif)
where
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ36_HTML.gif)
From the definition of convergence and the fact that , as
, we obtain (for the given
with
)
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ37_HTML.gif)
In all the cases we obtain for each
. According to the property (
), it follows that
, that is,
.
Suppose now that and
are coincidentally commuting. Then
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ38_HTML.gif)
Then from (2.3),
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ39_HTML.gif)
where
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ40_HTML.gif)
Hence, we obtain the following cases:
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ41_HTML.gif)
which implies that , that is,
is a common fixed point of
and
.
Uniqueness of the common fixed point follows easily. This completes the proof of the theorem.
2.2. Examples
We present now two examples showing that Theorem 2.2 is a proper extension of the known results. In both examples, the conditions of Theorem 2.2 are fulfilled, but in the first one (because of nonnormality of the cone) the main theorems from [6, 9] cannot be applied. This shows that Theorem 2.2 is more general, that is, the main theorems from [6, 9] can be obtained as its special cases (for ) taking
,
and
.
Example 2.3 (The case of a nonnormal cone).
Let , let
, and
, and let
. The mapping
is defined in the following way:
, where
is a fixed function, for example,
. Take functions
,
,
, so that
, which map the set
into
. We have that
is a complete cone metric space with a nonnormal cone having the nonempty interior. The topological and "metric'' notions are used in the sense of definitions from [15, 16]. For example, one easily checks the condition (2.4), that is, that for
,
the following holds
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ42_HTML.gif)
The mappings and
are weakly compatible, that is, they commute in their fixed point
. All the conditions of Theorem 2.2 are fulfilled, and so the nonself mappings
and
have a unique common fixed point
.
Example 2.4 (The case of a normal cone).
Let , let
, let
, and let
. The mapping
is defined as
,
. Take the functions
,
,
, so that
, which map the set
into
. We have that
is a complete cone metric space with a normal cone having the normal coefficient
, whose interior is obviously nonempty. All the conditions of Theorem 2.2 are fulfilled. We check again the condition (2.4), that is, that for
,
the following holds
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ43_HTML.gif)
The mappings and
are weakly compatible, that is, they commute in their fixed point
. All the conditions of Theorem 2.2 are again fulfilled. The point
is the unique common fixed point for nonself mappings
and
.
2.3. Further Results
Remark 2.5.
The following definition is a special case of Definition 2.1 when is a metric space. But when
is a cone metric space, which is not a metric space, this is not true. Indeed, there may exist
such that the vectors
and
are incomparable. For the same reason Theorems 2.2 and 2.7 (given below) are incomparable.
Definition 2.6.
Let be a cone metric space, let
be a nonempty closed subset of
, and let
. Denote
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ44_HTML.gif)
Then is called a generalized
-contractive mapping from
into
if for some
there exists
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ45_HTML.gif)
such that for all in
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ46_HTML.gif)
Our next result is the following.
Theorem 2.7.
Let be a complete cone metric space, and let
be a nonempty closed subset of
such that for each
and
there exists a point
such that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ47_HTML.gif)
Suppose that is a generalized
-contractive mapping of
into
and
(i),
,
(ii),
(iii) is closed in
.
Then there exists a coincidence point of
and
in
. Moreover, if the pair
is coincidentally commuting, then
is the unique common fixed point of
and
.
The proof of this theorem is very similar to the proof of Theorem 2.2 and it is omitted.
We now list some corollaries of Theorems 2.2 and 2.7.
Corollary 2.8.
Let be a complete cone metric space, and let
be a nonempty closed subset of
such that, for each
and each
there exists a point
such that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ48_HTML.gif)
Let be such that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ49_HTML.gif)
for some and for all
.
Suppose, further, that and
satisfy the following conditions:
(i),
,
(ii),
(iii) is closed in
.
Then there exists a coincidence point of
and
in
. Moreover, if
is a coincidentally commuting pair, then
is the unique common fixed point of
and
.
Corollary 2.9.
Let be a complete cone metric space, and let
be a nonempty closed subset of
such that, for each
and each
there exists a point
such that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ50_HTML.gif)
Let be such that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ51_HTML.gif)
for some and for all
.
Suppose, further, that and
satisfy the following conditions:
(i),
,
(ii),
(iii) is closed in
.
Then there exists a coincidence point of
and
in
. Moreover, if
is a coincidentally commuting pair, then
is the unique common fixed point of
and
.
Corollary 2.10.
Let be a complete cone metric space, and let
be a nonempty closed subset of
such that, for each
and each
there exists a point
such that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ52_HTML.gif)
Let be such that
![](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F761086/MediaObjects/13663_2009_Article_1174_Equ53_HTML.gif)
for some and for all
.
Suppose, further, that and
satisfy the following conditions:
(i),
,
(ii),
(iii) is closed in
.
Then there exists a coincidence point of
and
in
. Moreover, if
is a coincidentally commuting pair, then
is the unique common fixed point of
and
.
Remark 2.11.
Corollaries 2.8–2.10 are the corresponding theorems of Abbas and Jungck from [2] in the case that are nonself mappings.
Remark 2.12.
If is a metrically convex cone metric space, that is, if for each
there is
such that
, we do not know whether (2.4) holds for every nonempty closed subset
in
(see [8]).
References
Huang L-G, Zhang X: Cone metric spaces and fixed point theorems of contractive mappings. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 2007,332(2):1468–1476. 10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.03.087
Abbas M, Jungck G: Common fixed point results for noncommuting mappings without continuity in cone metric spaces. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 2008,341(1):416–420. 10.1016/j.jmaa.2007.09.070
Ilic D, Rakocevic V: Common fixed points for maps on cone metric space. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 2008,341(2):876–882. 10.1016/j.jmaa.2007.10.065
Rezapour Sh, Hamlbarani R: Some notes on the paper: "Cone metric spaces and fixed point theorems of contractive mappings". Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 2008,345(2):719–724. 10.1016/j.jmaa.2008.04.049
Deimling K: Nonlinear Functional Analysis. Springer, Berlin, Germany; 1985:xiv+450.
Rhoades BE: A fixed point theorem for some non-self-mappings. Mathematica Japonica 1978,23(4):457–459.
Assad NA: On a fixed point theorem of Kannan in Banach spaces. Tamkang Journal of Mathematics 1976,7(1):91–94.
Assad NA, Kirk WA: Fixed point theorems for set-valued mappings of contractive type. Pacific Journal of Mathematics 1972,43(3):553–562.
Imdad M, Kumar S: Rhoades-type fixed-point theorems for a pair of nonself mappings. Computers & Mathematics with Applications 2003,46(5–6):919–927. 10.1016/S0898-1221(03)90153-2
Ciric Lj: Non-self mappings satisfying non-linear contractive condition with applications. Nonlinear Analysis, Theory, Methods and Applications 2009,71(7–8):2927–2935. 10.1016/j.na.2009.01.174
Gajic Lj, Rakocevic V: Pair of non-self-mappings and common fixed points. Applied Mathematics and Computation 2007,187(2):999–1006. 10.1016/j.amc.2006.09.143
Radenovic S, Rhoades BE: Fixed point theorem for two non-self mappings in cone metric spaces. Computers and Mathematics with Applications 2009,57(10):1701–1707. 10.1016/j.camwa.2009.03.058
Jungck G, Radenovic S, Radojevic S, Rakocevic V: Common fixed point theorems for weakly compatible pairs on cone metric spaces. Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2009, 2009: 13.
Rhoades BE: A comparison of various definitions of contractive mappings. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 1977, 226: 257–290.
Kadelburg Z, Radenovic S, Rakocvic V: Remarks on "Quasi-contractions on cone metric spaces". Applied Mathematics Letters, (2009). In press
Rezapour Sh: A review on topological properties of cone metric spaces. Proceedings of the International Conference Analysis, Topology and Applications (ATA '08), May-June 2008, Vrnjacka Banja, Serbia
Acknowledgment
This work was supported by Grant 14021 of the Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
About this article
Cite this article
Jankovic, S., Kadelburg, Z., Radenovic, S. et al. Assad-Kirk-Type Fixed Point Theorems for a Pair of Nonself Mappings on Cone Metric Spaces. Fixed Point Theory Appl 2009, 761086 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/761086
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/761086